A Data-Driven Approach to Revolutionize Children’s Vaccination with the Use of VR and a Novel Vaccination Protocol

[journal]

Full reference

Antonopoulos, S.; Wallace, M.; Poulopoulos, V. , A Data-Driven Approach to Revolutionize Children’s Vaccination with the Use of VR and a Novel Vaccination Protocol , BioMedInformatics 2025, 5, 2. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedinformatics5010002

Abstract

Background: This study aims to revolutionize traditional pediatric vaccination protocols by integrating virtual reality (VR) technology. The purpose is to minimize discomfort in children, ages 2–12, during vaccinations by immersing them in a specially designed VR short story that aligns with the various stages of the clinical vaccination process. In our approach, the child dons a headset during the vaccination procedure and engages with a virtual reality (VR) short story that is specifically designed to correspond with the stages of a typical vaccination process in a clinical setting.

Methods: A two-phase clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the VR intervention. The first phase included 242 children vaccinated without VR, serving as a control group, while the second phase involved 97 children who experienced VR during vaccination. Discomfort levels were measured using the VACS (VAccination disComfort Scale) tool. Statistical analyses were performed to compare discomfort levels based on age, phases of vaccination, and overall experience.

Results: The findings revealed significant reductions in discomfort among children who experienced VR compared to those in the control group. The VR intervention demonstrated superiority across multiple dimensions, including age stratification and different stages of the vaccination process.

Conclusions: The proposed VR framework significantly reduces vaccination-related discomfort in children. Its cost-effectiveness, utilizing standard or low-cost headsets like Cardboard devices, makes it a feasible and innovative solution for pediatric practices. This approach introduces a novel, child-centric enhancement to vaccination protocols, improving the overall experience for young patients.